Campaign : Manassas Campaign (July 1861).
Date : July 21, 1861.
Forces Engaged : 60,680 total (US 28,450; CS 32,230).
Estimated Casualties : 4,700 total (US 2,950; CS 1,750).
Under intense public demand, General-in-Chief Winfield Scott ordered General Irvin McDowell to advance on Confederate troops stationed at Manassas Junction, Virginia, before adequately training his troops. McDowell On July 16, 1861, Union troops marched from Washington against the Confederate army, which was drawn up behind Bull Run beyond Centreville. On the 21st, McDowell attacked the Confederate left flank on Matthews Hill. Initially, Confederate troops were driven back to Henry Hill.
But by late afternoon, Confederate reinforcements arrieved and broke the Union right flank.
The Union retreat soon deteriorated into a rout.
By July 22, the Union troops reached the safety of Washington.
McDowell was relieved of his command.
American Civil War
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