In between 90 to 95 percent of cases the cause of blood pressure is unknown.
This type of high blood pressure is called essential hypertension or hardening of the arteries, thickening or hypertrophy of the artery wall, and excess contraction of the arterioles.
In the remaining cases, high blood pressure is a symptom of a recognizable underlying problem such as a kidney abnormality, tumor of the adrenal gland or congenital defect of the aorta .
When the root cause is corrected, the blood pressure usually returns to normal.
This type of high blood pressure is called secondary hypertension.
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