PANNINI, Giovanni Paolo Born: 1691, Piacenza, Italy.

Giovanni Paolo Pannini (or Panini) was the first painter to specialize in ruins.

Working in Rome by c. 1717.

He taught perspective at the Academie de France in Rome.

Died in 1765, Roma. He was one of the most important painters of the 15th century Sienese school. His early works show the influence of earlier Sienese masters, but his later style was more individual, characterized by cold, harsh colours and elongated forms. His style also took on the influence of International Gothic artists such as Gentile da Fabriano and homo. Many of his works have an unusual dreamlike atmosphere, such as the surrealistic Miracle of St. Nicholas of Tolentino painted about 1455 and now housed in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, while his last works, particularly Last Judgment, Heaven, and Hell from about 1465 and Assumption painted in 1475, both at Pinacoteca, Siena, are grotesque treatments of their lofty subjects. Giovanni's reputation declined after his death but was revived in the 20th century.



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